Also just called an “electret” or “electret mic,” this is a type of microphone design, similar to a condenser. Basically, there is a permanently charged plate in the mic element. As the diaphragm moves in response to sound pressure, it creates a changing capacitance with the plate. The big advantage to using electret (also occasionally called “pre-polarized condenser”) technology is that it does not require an external polarizing voltage (battery or phantom power).
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