In the world of computing an alias is an alternative, usually easier to understand, or more significant name for a particular data object. In the Macintosh OS aliases are in the form of icons that look like files or programs that can be launched, but instead only direct the computer to the original. These are handy for making convenient references to certain files or programs without having to move the originals from their proper and logical location on your hard drive.
Alias is also a false signal that can be created when working with digital audio data (see WFTD Aliasing for more info).