In our last tip (QGtDM #17), we gave some basic guidelines for EQing vocals. Here are some additional suggestions:

• Use a high-pass filter to roll off frequencies below 60Hz. There is little or no useful vocal information in this range, however, it is where 60-cycle hum lives. A judicious cut at 60Hz will reduce the noise floor, which is of particular concern when compression is added.

• Boosting between 200Hz and 600Hz can put a few needed pounds on an otherwise anorexic vocal.

• If, in the parlance of Paulie Shore, vocals are "harshing your gig," cut frequencies either between 1 and 2kHz, or 2.5 to 4kHz to smooth out the sound. Notice that we also boost in these ranges to increase intelligibility and presence. Too much presence (around 4kHz) can cause ear fatigue.

• A small boost above 6kHz will add brightness or "openness" to vocals, but be careful since this is also the home of sibilance.

• Don't forget the ever-popular "air," which is achieved by boosting 13 to 14kHz. Be careful not to make your dog cry &mdash we're talking small amounts of boost here.