Glossary: Octave | Sweetwater.com

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Octave: An octave is a frequency ratio of 2:1. An octave band consists of all of the frequencies within an octave. There is one octave between 100 Hz and 200 Hz, and between 1,000 Hz and 2,000 Hz, for example. Octaves are perceived as equal pitch intervals, even though the true bandwidth in Hertz varies with the frequency level of the octave. To our ears, two frequencies an octave apart (whether it might be 100 to 200 Hz or 1,000 to 2,000 Hz) sound like the same note.
It is interesting that our ears obey a precisely logarithmic law when assigning subjective pitches to frequencies. Even though an octave is strictly speaking a subjective judgment, it is so closely equal to frequency doubling (no matter where one is in frequency) that it has been defined as an objective measure.

Oblique Room Mode	Occlusion	Octave
Octo Bass	Odd-order Harmonic Distortion	OEM
OFC	Off-Axis	Off Line
Offset	Ogg Vorbis (.ogg)	Ohm
Ohm's Law	Okoume	OMF (OMFI)
Omnidirectional	Omni Mode	OMS
On-Axis	One-off	One-shot Sample
Op Amp	Opcode	Open
Open Air	Open Chord	Open C Tuning
Open Mic	Open Source	Open TL
Open Tuning	Open Voicing (or Spread Voicing)	Opera Buffa
Operating System	Operator	Optical Compressor
Optical Media	Opto-isolator	Orange Book
Oratorio	Orbiter	Orchestrion
Orchestrions	Organ	ORTF
Orville Gibson	OS	OSC
Oscillator	Oscillator Sync	Oscilloscope
Ossicles	Ostinato	OS X
OTP	Out of Phase	Ovangkol
Overdrive	Overdub	Over Easy
Overheads	Over(s)	Oversampling
Overshoot / Undershoot	Overtone	Overture
Overview	OXFW911	Oxide